Book Chapter – Smart/Micro Grids Research Center

Book Chapters

Explore book chapters written by our members, featuring specialized expertise, collaborative research, and substantive contributions to leading academic volumes.

Hassan Bevrani

Virtual Synchronous Generators and Their applications in Microgrids

The portion of distributed generating (DG) units and renewable energy sources (RESs) in power systems with respect to its total power capacity is increasing rapidly, and a high penetration level is expected for the next two decades. In the conventional centralized power generations, in which the synchronous machine dominates, enormous synchronous generators (SGs) comprise rotating inertia due to their rotating parts. The intrinsic kinetic energy (rotor inertia) and damping property (due to mechanical friction and electrical losses in the stator, field, and damper windings) of the bulk synchronous generators play a significant role in the grid stability.

Hassan Bevrani

An On-Line PSO-Based Fuzzy Logic Tuning Approach: Microgrid Frequency Control Case Study

In recent years, with significant growth in electrical energy consumption, conventional generating units in power systems are faced with a variety of problems, such as global warming, energy crisis, deficiency of fossil fuels and high cost of building new power plants and so on. Hence, environmental concerns, reducing dependency on fossil fuels, improvements of new energy technologies and also enhancing the reliability of power systems, are the factors that have been affected on the entrance of Distributed Generation Resources (DGRs).

Hassan Bevrani

A Descriptive Approach for Power System Stability and Security Assessment

Power system dynamic analysis and security assessment are becoming more significant today due to increases in size and complexity from restructuring, emerging new uncertainties, integration of renewable energy sources, distributed generation, and microgrids. Precise modeling of all contributed elements/devices, understanding interactions in detail, and observing hidden dynamics using existing analysis tools/theorems are difficult and even impossible. In this chapter, the power system is considered as a continuum and the propagated electromechanical waves initiated by faults and other random events are studied to provide a new scheme for stability investigation of a large dimensional system.

Hassan Bevrani

Automatic Generation Control

Unlike other supplies, electricity generally cannot be stored for later use; it must be used as it is generated. Therefore, generation must be dispatched instantaneously to respond to real-time changes in demand for electricity. To support this issue and to balance the generation and load, a secure and online control system known as automatic generation control (AGC) is needed. The AGC is required for simultaneous minimization of system frequency deviation and tie-line power changes to match the total generation and load demand, which is required for successful operation of interconnected power systems.

Hassan Bevrani

MICROGRID CONTROLS

Currently, economical harvesting of electrical energy on a large scale considering the environmental issues is undoubtedly one of the main challenges. As a solution, microgrids (MGs) promise to facilitate the wide penetration of renewable energy sources (RESs) and energy storage devices into the power systems, reduce system losses, and greenhouse gas emissions and increase the reliability of the electricity supply to the customers.

Hassan Bevrani

ANN-Based Self-Tuning Frequency Control Design for an Isolated Microgrid

The increasing need for electrical energy, limited fossil fuel reserves and the increasing concerns with environmental issues call for fast development in the area of distributed generations (DGs) and renewable energy sources (RESs). A Microgrid (MG) as one of the newest concepts in the power systems consists of several DGs and RESs that provide electrical and heat power for local loads. Increasing in a number of MGs and nonlinearity/complexity due to entry of MGs to the power systems, classical and nonflexible control structures may not represent desirable performance over a wide range of operating conditions.

Hassan Bevrani

Dynamic Analysis and Stability Improvement Concerning the Integration of Wind Farms Kurdistan Electric Network Case Study

This chapter presents an overview of key issues and technical challenges in a regional electric network, following the integration of a considerable amount of wind power. A brief survey on the wind power systems, the present status of wind energy worldwide, common dynamic models, and control loops for wind turbines are given. In this chapter, the Kurdistan electric network in the Northwest part of Iran is introduced as a case study system, and an analytical approach is conducted to evaluate the potential of wind power installation, overall capacity estimation, and economic issues, based on the practical data.

Hassan Bevrani

Robust and Intelligent Multi-Objective Approaches. In Advances in PID Control

The proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control structures have been widely used in industrial applications due to their design/structure simplicity and inexpensive cost. The success of the PID controllers depends on the appropriate choice of their parameters. In practice, tuning the PID parameters/gains is usually realized by classical, trial-and-error approaches, and experienced human experts, which they may not capable to achieve a desirable performance for complex real-world systems with high-order, time-delays, nonlinearities, uncertainties, and without precise mathematical models.

Hassan Bevrani

An ANN-Based Power System Emergency Control Scheme in the Presence of High Wind Power Penetration

Re-evaluation of emergency control and protection schemes for distribution and transmission networks are one of the main problems posed by wind turbines in power systems. Change of operational conditions and dynamic characteristics influence the requirements to control and protection parameters. Introducing a significant wind power into power systems leads to new undesirable oscillations. The local and inter-modal oscillations during large disturbances can cause frequency and voltage relays to measure a quantity at a location that is different from the actual underlying system voltage and frequency gradient. From an operational point of view, this issue is important for those networks that use the protective voltage and frequency relays to re-evaluate their tuning strategies.

Hassan Bevrani

Intelligent Power System Emergency Regulation Concerning the Integration of Wind Power Units.

As the use of wind power turbines increases worldwide, there is a rising interest in their impacts on power system operation and control. Frequency regulation in interconnected networks is one of the main challenges posed by wind turbines in modern power systems. The wind power fluctuation negatively contributes to the power imbalance and frequency deviation. Significant interconnection frequency deviations can cause under/over frequency relaying and disconnect some loads and generations. Under unfavorable conditions, this may result in a cascading failure and system collapse.

MLA	Ise, Toshifumi, and Hassan Bevrani. “Virtual synchronous generators and their applications in microgrids.” Integration of Distributed Energy Resources in Power Systems. Academic Press, 2016. 282-294.
APA	Ise, T., & Bevrani, H. (2016). Virtual synchronous generators and their applications in microgrids. In Integration of Distributed Energy Resources in Power Systems (pp. 282-294). Academic Press.
Chicago	Ise, Toshifumi, and Hassan Bevrani. “Virtual synchronous generators and their applications in microgrids.” In Integration of Distributed Energy Resources in Power Systems, pp. 282-294. Academic Press, 2016.
Harvard	Ise, T. and Bevrani, H., 2016. Virtual synchronous generators and their applications in microgrids. In Integration of Distributed Energy Resources in Power Systems (pp. 282-294). Academic Press.
Vancouver	Ise T, Bevrani H. Virtual synchronous generators and their applications in microgrids. InIntegration of Distributed Energy Resources in Power Systems 2016 Jan 1 (pp. 282-294). Academic Press.
BibTeX	@incollection{ise2016virtual, title={Virtual synchronous generators and their applications in microgrids}, author={Ise, Toshifumi and Bevrani, Hassan}, booktitle={Integration of Distributed Energy Resources in Power Systems}, pages={282–294}, year={2016}, publisher={Elsevier} }

MLA	Babahajyani, P., F. Habibi, and H. Bevrani. “An on-line pso-based fuzzy logic tuning approach: Microgrid frequency control case study.” Handbook of research on novel soft computing intelligent algorithms: Theory and practical applications. IGI Global, 2014. 589-616.
APA	Babahajyani, P., Habibi, F., & Bevrani, H. (2014). An on-line pso-based fuzzy logic tuning approach: Microgrid frequency control case study. In Handbook of research on novel soft computing intelligent algorithms: Theory and practical applications (pp. 589-616). IGI Global.
Chicago	Babahajyani, P., F. Habibi, and H. Bevrani. “An on-line pso-based fuzzy logic tuning approach: Microgrid frequency control case study.” In Handbook of research on novel soft computing intelligent algorithms: Theory and practical applications, pp. 589-616. IGI Global, 2014.
Harvard	Babahajyani, P., Habibi, F. and Bevrani, H., 2014. An on-line pso-based fuzzy logic tuning approach: Microgrid frequency control case study. In Handbook of research on novel soft computing intelligent algorithms: Theory and practical applications (pp. 589-616). IGI Global.
Vancouver	Babahajyani P, Habibi F, Bevrani H. An on-line pso-based fuzzy logic tuning approach: Microgrid frequency control case study. InHandbook of research on novel soft computing intelligent algorithms: Theory and practical applications 2014 (pp. 589-616). IGI Global.
BibTeX	@incollection{babahajyani2014line, title={An on-line pso-based fuzzy logic tuning approach: Microgrid frequency control case study}, author={Babahajyani, P and Habibi, F and Bevrani, H}, booktitle={Handbook of research on novel soft computing intelligent algorithms: Theory and practical applications}, pages={589–616}, year={2014}, publisher={IGI Global} }

MLA	Tikdari, A. G., Hassan Bevrani, and Gerard Ledwich. “A descriptive approach for power system stability and security assessment.” Innovation in Power, Control, and Optimization: Emerging Energy Technologies. IGI Global, 2012. 293-314.
APA	Tikdari, A. G., Bevrani, H., & Ledwich, G. (2012). A descriptive approach for power system stability and security assessment. In Innovation in Power, Control, and Optimization: Emerging Energy Technologies (pp. 293-314). IGI Global.
Chicago	Tikdari, A. G., Hassan Bevrani, and Gerard Ledwich. “A descriptive approach for power system stability and security assessment.” In Innovation in Power, Control, and Optimization: Emerging Energy Technologies, pp. 293-314. IGI Global, 2012.
Harvard	Tikdari, A.G., Bevrani, H. and Ledwich, G., 2012. A descriptive approach for power system stability and security assessment. In Innovation in Power, Control, and Optimization: Emerging Energy Technologies (pp. 293-314). IGI Global.
Vancouver	Tikdari AG, Bevrani H, Ledwich G. A descriptive approach for power system stability and security assessment. InInnovation in Power, Control, and Optimization: Emerging Energy Technologies 2012 (pp. 293-314). IGI Global.
BibTeX	@incollection{tikdari2012descriptive, title={A descriptive approach for power system stability and security assessment}, author={Tikdari, AG and Bevrani, Hassan and Ledwich, Gerard}, booktitle={Innovation in Power, Control, and Optimization: Emerging Energy Technologies}, pages={293–314}, year={2012}, publisher={IGI Global} }

MLA	Bevrani, H., and H. Wayne Beaty. “Automatic generation control.” Standard handbook for electrical engineers, 16th ed. USA: McGraw-Hill (2013): 138-59.
APA	Bevrani, H., & Beaty, H. W. (2013). Automatic generation control. Standard handbook for electrical engineers, 16th ed. USA: McGraw-Hill, 138-59.
Chicago	Bevrani, H., and H. Wayne Beaty. “Automatic generation control.” Standard handbook for electrical engineers, 16th ed. USA: McGraw-Hill (2013): 138-59.
Harvard	Bevrani, H. and Beaty, H.W., 2013. Automatic generation control. Standard handbook for electrical engineers, 16th ed. USA: McGraw-Hill, pp.138-59.
Vancouver	Bevrani H, Beaty HW. Automatic generation control. Standard handbook for electrical engineers, 16th ed. USA: McGraw-Hill. 2013:138-59.
BibTeX	@article{bevrani2013automatic, title={Automatic generation control}, author={Bevrani, H and Beaty, H Wayne}, journal={Standard handbook for electrical engineers, 16th ed. USA: McGraw-Hill}, pages={138–59}, year={2013} }

MLA	Bevrani, H., and H. Wayne Beaty. “Automatic generation control.” Standard handbook for electrical engineers, 16th ed. USA: McGraw-Hill (2013): 138-59.
APA	Bevrani, H., & Beaty, H. W. (2013). Automatic generation control. Standard handbook for electrical engineers, 16th ed. USA: McGraw-Hill, 138-59.
Chicago	Bevrani, H., and H. Wayne Beaty. “Automatic generation control.” Standard handbook for electrical engineers, 16th ed. USA: McGraw-Hill (2013): 138-59.
Harvard	Bevrani, H. and Beaty, H.W., 2013. Automatic generation control. Standard handbook for electrical engineers, 16th ed. USA: McGraw-Hill, pp.138-59.
Vancouver	Bevrani H, Beaty HW. Automatic generation control. Standard handbook for electrical engineers, 16th ed. USA: McGraw-Hill. 2013:138-59.
BibTeX	@article{bevrani2013automatic, title={Automatic generation control}, author={Bevrani, H and Beaty, H Wayne}, journal={Standard handbook for electrical engineers, 16th ed. USA: McGraw-Hill}, pages={138–59}, year={2013} }

MLA	Bevrani, H., F. Habibi, and S. Shokoohi. “ANN-based self-tuning frequency control design for an isolated microgrid.” Meta-heuristics optimization algorithms in engineering, business, economics, and finance. IGI Global, 2013. 357-385.
APA	Bevrani, H., Habibi, F., & Shokoohi, S. (2013). ANN-based self-tuning frequency control design for an isolated microgrid. In Meta-heuristics optimization algorithms in engineering, business, economics, and finance (pp. 357-385). IGI Global.
Chicago	Bevrani, H., F. Habibi, and S. Shokoohi. “ANN-based self-tuning frequency control design for an isolated microgrid.” In Meta-heuristics optimization algorithms in engineering, business, economics, and finance, pp. 357-385. IGI Global, 2013.
Harvard	Bevrani, H., Habibi, F. and Shokoohi, S., 2013. ANN-based self-tuning frequency control design for an isolated microgrid. In Meta-heuristics optimization algorithms in engineering, business, economics, and finance (pp. 357-385). IGI Global.
Vancouver	Bevrani H, Habibi F, Shokoohi S. ANN-based self-tuning frequency control design for an isolated microgrid. InMeta-heuristics optimization algorithms in engineering, business, economics, and finance 2013 (pp. 357-385). IGI Global.
BibTeX	@incollection{bevrani2013ann, title={ANN-based self-tuning frequency control design for an isolated microgrid}, author={Bevrani, H and Habibi, F and Shokoohi, S}, booktitle={Meta-heuristics optimization algorithms in engineering, business, economics, and finance}, pages={357–385}, year={2013}, publisher={IGI Global} }

MLA	Bevrani, Hassan, and Hossein Bevrani. “PID tuning: robust and intelligent multi-objective approaches.” Advances in PID Control (2011): 167.
APA	Bevrani, H., & Bevrani, H. (2011). PID tuning: robust and intelligent multi-objective approaches. Advances in PID Control, 167.
Chicago	Bevrani, Hassan, and Hossein Bevrani. “PID tuning: robust and intelligent multi-objective approaches.” Advances in PID Control (2011): 167.
Harvard	Bevrani, H. and Bevrani, H., 2011. PID tuning: robust and intelligent multi-objective approaches. Advances in PID Control, p.167.
Vancouver	Bevrani H, Bevrani H. PID tuning: robust and intelligent multi-objective approaches. Advances in PID Control. 2011 Sep 6:167.
BibTeX	@article{bevrani2011pid, title={PID tuning: robust and intelligent multi-objective approaches}, author={Bevrani, Hassan and Bevrani, Hossein}, journal={Advances in PID Control}, pages={167}, year={2011} }